Childbirth in primitive and ancient times
The Middle Ages: an era of despair and persecution
The sixteenth century: a Renaissance
The seventeenth century: men and their instruments
The eighteenth century: men and science
The nineteenth century: men and disease
Childbirth in early America
Nineteenth-century America: the birth of obstetrics and gynecology
Early twentieth-century America: the "midwife problem" and medicalized childbirth
The second half of the twentieth century: technology-managed childbirth, by Edna Quinn
The twenty-first century: technological childbirth challenged
Conclusion: women in power.
