The Columbia anthology of gay literature: readings from Western antiquity to the present day

The earliest texts

Eros in arcadia: Greek literature

Rome: love poems and satire

Inventing Sodom: introduction

Inventing Sodom: scripture and law from the Sodom story to 1290 C.E.

God made our natures full of love

Platonic dialogues: introduction

The Italian Renaissance: Amor Socraticus

Affectionate shepherds: English homoerotic literature (1500-1685)

Introduction: Satirizing sodomites

Natural passions: resisting homophobia

Children of Sodom: eighteenth-century French literature

Uranian Renaissance: German literature (1820-1869)

Romantic friendship and homosexuality in nineteenth-century English poetry (1850-1900)

Inventing themselves: imagining "homosexuals" in English fiction and theory (1890-1895)

Symbolic Sodomite: society, Oscar Wilde, and the law

Athletic love: English literature (1896-1969)

Inventing homosexuals: European writing (1870-1969).

Les Monstres Sacrés: France (1870-1945)

Vaterlandslosen: Germany (1899-1939)

Erotic revolutionaries: Russian literature (1836-1922)

Eros in Egypt: Alexandrian songs

Southern dawn: Italian literature in the twentieth century

Amor Oscuro: Spanish literature

Latin American and Cuban literature

"Serene friendship land"

Camp sites: armies of androgynes

Out of the shadow world

Becoming gay.

Inventing Eros: literature of the ancient world from the earliest texts to the beginning of premodern times The earliest texts Mesopotamia from the Epic of Gilgamesh: English version: [The coming of Enkidu] ; [The death of Enkidu] ; [The lament of Gilgamesh for Enkidu] / N. K. Sandars The Old Testament The friendship of David and Jonathan: Samuel 17:55-58 ; 18:1-4 David's lament for Jonathan: Samuel 1:17-27 Eros in Arcadia: Greek literature Legendary lovers Zeus and Ganymede (from the Iliad, Book 20) / Homer ; translated by E. V. Rieu Achilles and Patroclus (from the Iliad, books 18 and 23) [Achilles lament and the funeral of Patroclus] ; [Achilles dream] / Homer ; translated by E. V. Rieu

Harmodius and Aristogeiton [The history of Harmodius and Aristogeiton] / Thucydides ; translated by Benjamin Jowett

Orestes and Pylades (from Amores) / Lucian ; translated by W. J. Baylis

The sacred band of Thebes: from The life of Pelopidas / Plutarch ; translated by Edward Carpenter

Theorizing desire: inventing Paidersatia

from Symposium: [the speech of Phaedrus] ; [the speech of Pausanias] ; [the speech of Aristophanes] ; [the dialogue of Socrates and Diotima] / Plato ; translated by Walter Hamilton

Musa Paidika: Greek homoerotic poetry

[The love of boys] / Solon ; translated by John Addington Symonds

Fragment 17 / Anacreon of Teos ; translated by Eugene O'Connor

Elegy 2 / Anacreon of Teos ; translated by Peter Bing, Rip Cohen

Fragment 360 / Anacreon of Teos ; translated by Alfred Corn

From the "Second Book" of Theognis / Theognis ; translated by Peter Bing, Rip Cohen

[To Theoxenos] / Pindar ; translated by John Addington Symonds

Fragment 652 / Euripedes ; translated by John Addington Symonds

Idyll / Theocritus ; translated by W. Douglas P. Hill

from the Greek Anthology / translated by Daryl Hine, with additional versions by Byrne Fone -

Affairs of the heart: romance and debate from the Epistles: Letter 19: to a boy who is a prostitute ; Letter 57: to a boy / Philostratus ; translated by Allen Rogers Benner, Francis Forbes from the Ephesiaca: [Hippothoos and Hyperanthes] / Xenophon of Ephesus ; translated by Moses Hadas from Affairs of the heart [The two types of love] / (pseudo) Lucian ; translated by M. D. McLeod from Dionysiaca: [Dionysus and Ampelos] ; [Carpos and Calamos] / Nonnus ; translated by W. H. D. Rouse Rome: love poems and satire Latin literature from the first century B.C.E. to the second century C.E. Introduction: Roman homosexuality and Latin literature To Aurelius and Furius (no. 16) / Catullus ; translated by Eugene O'Connor To Aurelius (no. 21) / Catullus ; translated by Eugene O'Connor To Juventius (no. 99) / Catullus ; translated by Frank O. Copley Eclogue 2: the lament of Corydon for this faithless Alexis / Virgil ; English version by Byrne Fone from Metamorphoses: [Zeus and Ganymede] ; [Apollo and Hyacinthus] / Ovid ; translated by Rolfe Humphries from the Satyricon / Petronius ; translation attributed to Oscar Wilde Epigrams / Martial from Satire 2 / Juvenal ; translated by Peter Green

Inventing Sodom: the European Middle Ages from the third to the thirteenth century of the Common Era Inventing Sodom: introduction Creating Sodomites: making friends Inventing Sodom: scripture and law from the Sodom story to 1290 C.E. The Old Testament The story of Sodom: Genesis 18-19 The holiness code: Leviticus 18:22 ; Leviticus 20:13 The New Testament from the Epistles of St. Paul: Romans 1:26-27 ; 1 Corinthians 6:9-10 Policing Sodomites: religious commentary and civil law from De Abrahamo / Philo Judaeus ; translated by F. H. Colson Clement of Alexandria The Theodosian Code The Code of Justinian: Novella 77 ; Novella 141 England Henry I: Council of London Edward I: Britton 1.10 God made our natures full of love Romantic friendship between men in literature from the fourth to the fourteenth century of the Common Era [To Ausonius] / Paulinus of Nola ; translated by Jack Lindsay [To Grimold, Abbot of St. Gall] / Hrabanus Maurus ; translated by Helen Waddell [Dearest, you come suddenly and suddenly you depart] / Walafrid Strabo ; translated by John Boswell

[When the splendor of the moon] / Walafrid Strabo ; translated by Helen Waddell [The unyielding youth] / Marbod of Rennes ; translated by John Boswell [Your appearance is pleasing] / Baudri of Bourgueil ; translated by Thomas Stehling [To an English boy] / Hilary ; translated by John Boswell Hebe and Ganymede / Ganymede ; translated by John Boswell from The Leiden manuscript: [The wise rejoice with Ganymede] / translated by John Boswell The story of Lancelot and Galehaut: from Lancelot-Grail: Part II / translated by Carleton W. Carroll ; Part III / translated by Samuel N. Rosenberg The Story of Amis and Amile / translated by Walter Pater Platonic dialogues: European and English literature from the fourteenth to the seveteenth century Platonic dialogues: introduction Friendship, homoeroticism, and the Renaissance The Italian Renaissance: Amor Socraticus from Commentarium in Platonis Convivium [commentary on Plato's Symposium] / Marsilio Ficino ; translated by Sears Jayne from "Letters to Giovanni Cavalcanti written between 1474 and 1492" / Marsilio Ficino ; translated by Members of the Language Department of the School of Economics and Science, London [Lanza 51] / Filippo Scarlatti ; translated by James J. Wilhelm Greek epigrams / Angelo Poliziano ; translated by James J. Wilhelm

from Favola di Orfeo / Angelo Poliziano ; translated by Elizabeth Basset Welles Three poems / Cecco Nuccoli ; translated by Jill Claretta Robbins Two poems / Marino Ceccoli ; translated by Jill Claretta Robbins "Advice to Paulinus" (book I, 9) / Pacifico Massimi ; translated by James J. Wilhelm "A love song for Marcus" (book II, 10) / Pacifico Massimi ; translated by James J. Wilhelm On happiness" (book V, 8) / Pacifico Massimi ; translated by James J. Wilhelm Early poems (possibly for Gherardo Perini) / Michelangelo Buonarroti ; translated by James M. Saslow Letter to Tommaso de'Cavalieri / Michelangelo Buonarroti ; tranlated by John Addington Symonds Poems to Tommaso de'Cavalieri / Michelangelo Buonarroti ; translated by James M. Saslow Benedetto Varchi ; translated by James J. Wilhelm Two letters to Luca Scalabrino / Torquato Tasso ; translated by Jill Claretta Robbins Roman Pasquinades ; translated by James J. Wilhelm from L'Alcibiade fanciullo a scola: [Alcibiades in school] / Antonio Rocco ; translated by Michael Taylor from L'Alcibiade fanciullo a scola / Antonio Rocco ; translated by Jill Claretta Robbins Affectionate shepherds: English homoerotic literature Henry VIII: the Law of 25 from The shepheardes calendar / Edumund Spenser "Glosse" on Hobbinol by E.K. / Edmund Spenser from The Faerie Queene / Edmund Spenser from Piers Gaveston / Michael Drayton from Dido, Queen of Carthage / Christopher Marlowe from Edward II / Christopher Marlowe

from Hero and Leander / Christopher Marlowe from The affectionate shephearde / Richard Barnfield from Cynthia, with certaine sonnets / Richard Barnfield from Sonnets / William Shakespeare Reinventing Sodomites: homophobia and resistance Introduction: satirizing Sodomites English homophobia from the third part of the Institutes of the Laws of England / Edward Coke The law of buggery, or sodomy / Edward Coke from Fire and brimstone; or, the Destruction of Sodom / George Lesly from Roderick Random / Tobias Smollett from Memoirs of a woman of pleasure / John Cleland from A complete and humorous account of all the remarkable clubs and societies in the cities of London and Westminster... / Ned Ward from The trying and pillorying of the Vere Street Club / The Punishment of Sodomites Natural passions: resisting homophobia English literature from On paederasty / Jeremy Bentham "The Cornelian" / George Gordon Byron, Lord Byron "To Thyrza" / George Gordon Byron, Lord Byron "One struggle more, and I am free" / George Gordon Byron, Lord Byron "If sometimes in the haunts of men" / George Gordon Byron, Lord Byron "On this day I complete my thirty-sixth year" / George Gordon Byron, Lord Byron "Love and death" / George Gordon Byron, Lord Byron "Last words on Greece" / George Gordon Byron, Lord Byron from Don Leon / Anonymous

Children of Sodom: eighteenth-century French literature "Manners" (from La Philosophie dans le boudoir, 1795) / Donatien Alphonse Francois Sade, Comte de Sade (Marquis de Sade) ; translated by Austryn Wainhouse, Richard Seaver Sodom (from Les Enfans de Sodome a l'Assemblee Nationale, 1798) / Anonymous ; translated by Gina Fisch-Freedman Uranian Renaissance: German literature from Der Eros [Eros; or, On love] / Heinrich Zschokke ; translated by Carl Skoggaard from Eros: Die Mannerliebe der Griechen: [The manly love of the Greeks] / Heinrich Hoessli ; translated by Carl Skoggaard from Forschungen uber das Ratsel der mannmannlichen Liebe: [Researches into the riddle of love between men] / Karl Heinrich Ulrichs ; translated by Michael A. Lombardi-Nash "Homosexuality" / K. M Kertbeny [K. M. Benkert] ; translated by Michael Lombardi-Nash Heirs of Eros: English literature Romantic friendship and homosexuality in nineteenth-century English poetry Inventing a language The Law (1861): 24 and 25 Victoria, C.100 from In memorian A.H.H. / Alfred, Lord Tennyson from Ionica: "Desiderato" ; "Deteriora" ; "Parting" / William Johnson Cory "What cannot be" / John Addington Symonds

from "Eudiades" / John Addington Symonds from "Love and death: a symphony" / John Addington Symonds "Midnight at Baiae" / John Addington Symonds "Epithalamion" / Gerard Manley Hopkins from Towards democracy: "Through the long night" ; "To a stranger" ; "Summer heat" / Edward Carpenter "A palaestral study" / Edward Cracroft Lefroy "An idler listening to Socrates discussing philosophy with his boy-friends" / Edward Cracroft Lefroy from In fancy dress: "Rose leaves when the rose is dead" ; "The world well lost IV" ; "The world well lost XVIII" / Marc Andre Raffalovich from It is thyself: "Sonnet CXX" / Marc Andre Raffalovich "Two loves" / Alfred Douglas from A book of chains: "With whom, then, should I sleep?" / Georges Ives from White stains: "Dedicace" ; "A ballad of passive paederasty" ; "Go into the highways and hedges, and compel them to come in" ; "Rondels" / Aleister Crowley Inventing themselves: imagining "homosexuals" in English fiction and theory from "A problem in modern ethics" / John Addington Symonds from "Homogenic love" / Edward Carpenter Teleny: attributed to Oscar Wilde and others from "The priest and the acolyte" / John Francis Bloxam from Sexual inverson / Havelock Ellis, John Addington Symonds

Symbolic Sodomite: society, Oscar Wilde, and the law The law: The Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1885 "Wasted days" / Oscar Wilde from Eleutheria: "Helas!" / Oscar Wilde from Rosa mystica: "Vita nuova" / Oscar Wilde Letters from Oscar Wilde to Lord Afred Douglas / Oscar Wilde A defense of Uranian love (from the transcripts of the second trial) / Oscar Wilde [De profundis] / Oscar Wilde Athletic love: English literature from A Shropshire lad: "Look not in my eyes" (XV) ; "If truth in hearts that parish" (XXXIII) ; "Shot? So quick" (XLIV) / A. E. Housman from Last poems: "The laws of God" (XII) / A. E. Housman from More poems (1936, posthumous): "Shake hands, we never shall be friends" ; "Because I liked you better" / A. E. Housman from Additional poems (included in Collected poems, 1940): "He would not stay for me" (VII) ; "Oh who is that young sinner" (XVIII) / A. E. Housman from Maurice / E. M. Forster from Forster's "Terminal note" to Maurice / E. M. Forster "To Eros" / Wilfrid Owen "Music" / Wilfrid Owen "Anthem for a doomed youth" / Wilfrid Owen "To my friend (with an identity disc)" / Wilfrid Owen Prologue to Women in love / D. H. Lawrence from My father and myself / J. R. Ackerly from Christoher and his kind / Christopher Isherwood "Abrupt and charming mover" / Stephen Spender "To T.A.R.H." / Stephen Spender

from Songs of mankind: "Song of my soul" / Ralph Nicholas Chubb from The heavenly cupid: "Transfiguration" / Ralph Nicholas Chubb "Legend" / W. H. Auden "Song IX [Funeral blues]" / W. H. Auden Three posthumous poems: "I. Glad" ; "II. Aubade" ; "III. Minnelied" / W. H. Auden Modern love: European writers from 1870 Inventing homosexuals: European writing Les Monstres Sacres: France from Les Stupra: "Our assholes are different" = ["Nos fesses ne sont pas les leurs"] / Arthur Rimbaud ; translated by Paul Schmidt "Sonnet to the asshole" = ["Le sonet du trou du cul"] / Paul Verlaine ; translated by Alan Stone from Hombres: "Balanide II" ; "Mille e tre" / Paul Verlaine ; translated by Alan Stone from A la recherche du temps perdu / Marcel Proust from Sodome et Gormorrhe I / Marcel Proust ; translated by C. K. Scott Moncrieff, Terence Kilmartin from Corydon / Andre Gide ; translated by Richard Howard from the Journals / Andre Gide ; translated by Justin O'Brien "Nighttime" / Rene Crevel ; translated by Michael Taylor

from Le Livre blanc / Jean Cocteau ; tanslated by Margaret Crosland The man condemed to death = [Le condamne a mort] / Jean Genet ; translated by David Fisher, Guy Wernham from Our Lady of the Flowers = [Notre-Dame des Fleurs] / Jean Genet ; translated by Bernard Frechtman Vaterlandslosen: Germany from "The ethical-political significance of Lieblingminne" / Elisar von Kupffer ; translated by Hubert Kennedy "Into the future!" / "Gotamo" ; translated by Hubert Kennedy Selections translated by Hubert Kennedy: "The nameless love" ; "Tomorrow" ; The nameless love: a creed / John Henry Mackay ; translated by Hubert Kennedy from "Memoir for the Friends and Contributors of the Scientific Humanitarian Committee in the Name of the Seccession of the Scientific Humanitarian Committee" / Benedict Friedlander ; translated by Hubert Kennedy Erotic revolutionaries: Russian literature "Imitation of the Arabic" / Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin ; translated by Michael Green "On the statue of a player at Svaika" / Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin ; translated by Michael Green "The fourth Rome" / Nikolay Klyuev ; translated by Simon Karlinsky [Yesterday's rain...] / Sergei Esenin ; translated by Simon Karlinsky from Prayers for the dead / Sergei Esenin ; translated by Simon Karlinsky [Esenin's suicide note] / Sergei Esenin ; translated by Simon Karlinsky from Alexandrian songs / Mikhail Alekseevich Kuzmin ; translated by Michael Green

from Nets: "Ah, those lips, kissed by so many" ; "At the party" / Mikhail Alekseevich Kuzmin ; translated by Simon Karlinsky from Clay doves: "Nine delightful birthmarks" / Mikhail Alekseevich Kuzmin ; translated by Simon Karlinsky Eros in Egypt: Alexandrian songs "At the cafe door" / Constantine Cavafy ; translated by Edmund Keeley, Philip Sherrard "One night" / Constantine Cavafy ; translated by Edmund Keeley, Philip Sherrard "When they come alive" / Constantine Cavafy ; translated by Edmund Keeley, Philip Sherrard "In the street" / Constantine Cavafy ; translated by Edmund Keeley, Philip Sherrard "Passing through" / Constantine Cavafy ; translated by Edmund Keeley, Philip Sherrard "Comes to rest" / Constantine Cavafy ; translated by Edmund Keeley, Philip Sherrard "Their beginning" / Constantine Cavafy ; translated by Edmund Keeley, Philip Sherrard "In despair" / Constantine Cavafy ; translated by Edmund Keeley, Philip Sherrard Southern dawn: Italian literature in the twentieth century Seven poems / Sandro Penna ; translated by John McRae Amor oscuro: Spanish literature Nine poems / Luis Cernuda ; translated by Rick Lipinski from The young sailor and other poems: "I'll tell you how you were born" ; "The shadow" / Luis Cernuda from The Chimera's wasteland: "For two voices" ; "That which is enough for love" / Luis Cernuda from Poems for a body: "The lover digresses" / Luis Cernuda Four poems from Where oblivion dwells / Luis Cernuda from Sonetos del amor oscuro: "Night of sleepless love" ; "Sonnet of sweet weeping" ; "The poet asks his love to write to him" ; "The poet speaks with love by telephone" ; "The poet asks his love about the enchanted city of Cuenca" ; Untitled ["Ah secret voice of dark love!] ; "The poet speaks the truth"/ Federico Garcia Lorca ; translated by David William Foster

Latin American and Cuban literature Paradiso Brazil from O bom-crioulo / Adolfo Caminha ; translated by Arthur Hughes Colombia from Song of an impossible blue: "Song of the fleeting day" / Porfirio Barba-Jacob ; translated by Jeff Bingham, Juan Antonio Serna Servin Mexico Two poems: "They and I" ; "Nocturnal sea" / Xavier Villaurrutia ; translated by Fanny Arango-Ramos, William Keeth Argentina from A sinner's guidebook = [Guia de pecadores] / Eduardo Gudino Keifer ; translated by Ronald Christ, Gregory Kolovakos Cuba El amante de las torturas = [The torture lover] / Julian de Casal ; translated by David William Foster Two poems: "Nocturne and elegy" ; "Of another fashion" / Emilio Ballagas ; translated by Fanny Arango-Ramos, William Keeth from Paradiso / Jose Lezama Lima ; translated by Gregory Rabassa Masculine landscapes: American literature 1840-1933 "Serene friendship land"

American homoerotic texts "Sympathy" / Henry David Thoreau "Friendship" / Ralph Waldo Emerson from "Friendship" / Ralph Waldo Emerson "Fierce wrestler" / Walt Whitman from Notebook ("albot Wilson") / Walt Whitman Leaves of grass: from [Song of myself] / Walt Whitman Notebooks: "Adhesiveness": from Notebook / Walt Whitman Leaves of grass: "Organic equality"" from a letter from Whitman to Emerson / Walt Whitman from "Poem of the Road" / Walt Whitman Notebooks: "Live-oak with moss" / Walt Whitman Leaves of grass (1860): from "Proto-leaf" ; from Calamus / Walt Whitman Leaves of grass (1866): from Drum-Taps / Walt Whitman Leaves of grass (1867): Calamus 5: [come, I will make the continent indissoluble] / Walt Whitman From "Democratic vistas" / Walt Whitman from preface to Leaves of grass / Walt Whitman from "Hylas" / Bayard Taylor from Poems of the Orient: "A Paean to the dawn" ; "To a Persian boy in the bazaar at Smyrna" / Bayard Taylor from The poet's journal: "On the headland" ; "Love returned" / Bayard Taylor Correspondence between Taylor and Walt Whitman / Bayard Taylor from Joseph and his friend / Bayard Taylor Correspondence between Stoddard and Walt Whitman / Charles Warren Stoddard from South Sea idyls / Charles Warren Stoddard from "A letter to Havelock Ellis" / "Professor X" [James Mills Peirce] from Imre / Xavier Mayne [Edward Prime-Stevenson] from The intersexes / Xavier Mayne [Edward Prime-Stevenson]

Camp sites: armies of Androgynes American literature from Autobiography of an Androgyne / Earl Lind ("Ralph Werther"/"Jennie June") from The female impersonators / Earl Lind ("Ralph Werther"/"Jennie June") "Miss Knight" / Robert McAlmon "Smoke, lilies and jade" / Bruce Nugent from A scarlet pansy / Robert Scully from The yound and the evil / Charles Henri Ford, Parker Tyler Deconstructing "manhood": American literature (1916-1969) Out of the shadow world Inventing and enforcing modern homophiobia Lighting the shadow world from Men and boys: an anthology of poetry "Morn's recompense" / "Charles Andrews" "The mess boy" / Sydney Wilmer "De puerorum osculis" / Giles de Gillies "Manly love" / Donald Malloch "C33" / Hart Crane "Modern craft" / Hart Crane "Episode of hands" / Hart Crane Voyages / Hart Crane from Early poems: "I am a most fleshly man" / Robert Duncan from The opening of the field: "This place rumord to have been Sodom" / Robert Duncan from Bending the bow: The torso (passages 18) / Robert Duncan "Pages from an abandoned journal" / Gore Vidal from The homosexual in America / "Donald Webster Cory" [Edward Sagarin]

"Lebanon" / Frank O'Hara "Homosexuality" / Frank O'Hara "A supermarket in California" / Allen Ginsberg "Chances 'R'" / Allen Ginsberg "Please master" / Allen Ginsberg "A poem for cocksuckers" / John Wieners from Naked lunch / William Burroughs from City of night / John Rechy "Pornographic poem" / John Giorno "Faint honey" / James Purdy "Do you wonder why I am sleepy" / James Purdy "From rivers, and from the earth itself" / James Purdy Out there: American literature from 1969 Becomeing gay Out there: gay American literature Questions "Gay love and the movies" / Ralph Pomeroy Answers "The gay poet" / William Barber "Explanation" / William Barber "Only silly faggots know" / Perry Brass "I have this vision of madness" / Perry Brass "I'm not a man" / Harold Norse "Street instructions at the crotch" / Edward Field "Surgery" / Kenneth Pitchford "After hearing heterosexual poets in October 1974: what it seems like to write a male homosexual love poem now" / Joseph Cady "I remember" / Joe Brainard

Celebrations

[Here is the queen...] / Adrian Brooks

"The fairies are dancing all over the world" / Michael Rumaker

"Billie's blues" / Alfred Corn

"To Hermes" / Alfred Corn

"Fag art" / John Iozia

"Last night at the Flamingo" / John Iozia

from Dancer from the dance / Andrew Holleran

"Getting your rocks off" / Melvin Dixon

"Christopher Street 1979" / Walter Holland

Politics

"Power of one" / Walta Borawski

"Some of us wear pink triangles" / Walta Borawski

"The political vocabulary of homosexuality" / Edmund White

"Dream of the artfairy" / Carl Morse

"Curing homosexuality" / Jim Everhard

"Guilt, desire and love" / James Baldwin

Grieving

"Lament" / Thom Gunn

"Terminal" / Thom Gunn

"The missing" / Thom Gunn

"In the Post Office" / Thom Gunn

"A journal of the plague years" / Walter Holland

"How to watch your brother die" / Michael Lassell

"Apart from you" / Daryl Hine

Surviving

"Better days" / Essex Hemphill

"Cordon Negro" / Essex Hemphill

"Talking to Jim" / Walta Borawski

"The worst of it" / Craig Reynolds

"Hometown" / Salih Michael Fisher

"Names and sorrows" / D. Rubin Green

"Prescription" / Donald Woods

"Waiting" / Donald Woods

"Heart & soul" / Assotto Saint

"There isn't any death" / Perry Brass.