Shades of difference: a history of ethnicity in America

Introduction : the invention of (the concept of) ethnicity

From the invention of race to the rise of the inbetween people, 1840-1924

Whiteness and the limits of the new environmentalism in the social sciences, 1895-1921

Inventing ethnicity in the context of race and caste, 1930-1945

Black ethnicity and the transformation of a concept, 1962-1972

Conclusion : toward a hybrid discourse of ethnicity.